I found myself extremely confused by the authorial intent behind Dickon Sowerby while reading the Secret Garden. I couldn’t help but contrast him in my mind with the equally impoverished yet in no way romanticized Indian servants of Mary. While I understand that, at that point in the story, Mary was not yet fully capable of loving, as she did not understand love, the different ways Dickon and the servants are treated both by other characters and by the writing itself are striking to me. In our last class, we all made clear our presuppositions of the racism in this story, with the treatment of the Indian servants, and the fact that India itself is described as a place of illness. However, until Dickon Sowerby was introduced, I had thought that the text was equally classist; that in associating India with poverty, that was what fueled the racism. However, Dickon is described as being dressed in patchwork clothes, with ragged hair, constantly smelling like the forest. He is a picture of poverty, and yet he is romanticized to an extreme degree, referred to as an angel by Mary and associated with the Greek god Pan with his flute playing and animal charming. I found myself reminded of the story behind the writing of the Lord of the Flies; it was written in argument to the 1858 novel The Coral Island, which depicted young British men crash landing on an island, forming a functional society, and “taming” the “savage natives”. Golding understood when writing Lord of the Flies that British youth were no different from any other race or ethnicity in that scenario, and the Secret Garden’s treatment of poverty seems close to The Coral Island. The Indian servants go unnamed, and are killed by the same disease as Mary’s parents because they can’t afford to flee, while Dickon is a godly child who can literally talk to animals. The racism is not subtle.
Tag: racism
James’ Response to Frances Hodgson Burnett’s The Secret Garden
In the first ten chapters of The Secret Garden by Frances Hodgson Burnett, I struggled to find exactly where I should be looking to view this text in regards to the disability lens. I was looking for a single point to narrow my focus on, but as I read I soon realized how this text intersects with disability was going to be a little less obvious than I had originally assumed.
To begin, the introduction of Mary Lennox as the main character, calling her the “most disagreeable-looking child ever seen” and saying that “her face was yellow because she had been born in India and had always been ill in one way or another” struck me as some sort of chronic illness, but now I think the terms of her negative physical features stemmed from the neglect she faced from her parents and growing up without learning empathy for others, making her appear ugly on the outside to reflect the harsh prejudices she held internally.
Before the passing of both her parents and the remaining servants at the Lennox’s home in India, Mary does not cry for the loss of Ayah, the nurse who took care of her, but she cries as the house is in a panic due to a cholera outbreak, and she realizes she is forgotten. As it was said in the text, “Nobody thought of her, nobody wanted her.”
When Mary is found to be the sole survivor of the Lennox house, she is sent to a home filled with children who tease her for her temperamental nature, calling her “Mistress Mary, quite contrary.” This is the first instance of Mary’s slow but steady realization that she is not the center of the universe, and she reacts immediately with anger. She is then taken away by Mrs. Medlock who is the one to tell her that she will be moving to England to be with her Uncle, Mr. Archibald Craven. The description of Mr. Archibald Craven caught my attention the most, as they mention his physical disability, and then immediately the fact that he was married, implying that usually people with disabilities do not get to find true love, “… an he’d have walked the world over to get her a blade o’ grass she wanted. Nobody thought she’d marry him, but she did, and people said she married him for his money. But she didn’t – she didn’t.”
Upon finding this out, Mary immediately connects the idea of her Uncle with a French fairytale about a poor hunchback and a beautiful princess. She learns that Mr. Archibald Craven refuses to come out of the West Wing of his estate following the death of his wife, and also notes it sounds like something out of a book, but did not make her feel cheerful. She does all she can to hide any outward displays of interest, and stays fast to her default setting of apathy towards others.
This attitude stays the same for the first few weeks Mary lives in her Uncle’s estate. She is rude to the servant Martha, who she compares to the servants she lived with in India, and this is one of the starkest examples of Mary’s racism and entitlement. Her rage flies wild and she says “You don’t know anything about natives! They are not people- they’re servants who must salaam to you.”
This is where I’d like to introduce the idea that Mary is a metaphor for the secret garden itself. The garden that had belonged to Mr. Archibald Craven’s wife, which following her death had been locked and forgotten for ten years, the same age as Mary. The garden was allowed to fall into disarray, growing wild without the care of the wife. Mary was also allowed to grow wild, without a loving hand to guide her towards compassion and empathy for others.
As Mary grows, so does the garden. She learns how to connect with others and how to take care of herself. She learns about different lifestyles and realizes that happiness isn’t always equated to wealth. Not only viewing this story through a disability lens, but a lens that brings issues of race and class into the light as well has really helped me understand this story so far and hopefully will continue to do so as we read more.
I pledge.
Word count: 723
